What factors do Longshots show?

[CheckMark]

Wanted to ask this question over at PA, but I felt like I would get picked on about this topic. I am a young (18) student trying to learn the game while off school in Canada and just wanted to know what factors do Longshots win with?

I am currently reading "Finding The Hidden Horse" by Conrad Crease, and he says the 3 best "tells" to find a longshot winner or place is:

1) Poor race in last start
2) Cutback in distance
3) Fast workout of 48.1 in 4F and 1:00:1 in 5F workouts

Anyone else have any tips for me to learn about. Was going to write up some notes and try it on some old Racing Forms/Programs and see what works...

Thanks to all who reply

(This was also posted on the RX Forum)